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Pavel Sukhoy
SUKHOI Pavel Osipovich
(22/07/1895 - 09/15/1975)
Aircraft constructor, one of the founders of jet and supersonic aircraft
Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi was born in the town of Glubokoye, Vitebsk region. In 1914 he graduated from high school in the city of Gomel. In 1914-1915 he studied at Moscow University, in 1925 he graduated from the Moscow Higher Technical School. From 1924 Sukhoi studied at the Zhukovsky Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. In 1939-1949 and from 1953 he was a chief constructor of the experimental design engineering bureau (which bears his name since 1977), since 1956 he was a chief designer. In 1940 he received the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences. Sukhoi is a creator of more than 50 original designs of aircraft, more than 20 of which were of mass production and have been in service. Under the guidance of A.N. Tupolev, in 1925-1931 Sukhoi participated in designing different types of ANT aircraft and torpedo boats, since 1932 he was the chief designer of the record-breaking aircraft RD (ANT-25) and "Rodina" (ANT-37bis), the first Soviet fighter monoplane with an in-flight retractable landing gear and with a closed heated cab I-14 (ANT-31). Sukhoi constructed a multi-purpose combat aircraft Su-2 (1937), a two-seater armored attack aircraft Su-6 (1943), a frontline fighter jet Su-9 (1946) with a brake parachute and with an ejector seat. He designed the first Soviet transonic all-weather fighter-interceptor Su-15 (1948) with a pressurized cabin, side air intakes and a radar for target location, fighter-interceptors with a delta wing T-3 (1956), a supersonic fighter with an in-flight variable wing Su-17 (1966). He guided the construction of such aircraft as the Su-24 with an in-flight variable sweep, an armored supersonic army attack plane Su-25, a highly maneuverable Su-27 and the world's first long-range supersonic strike aircraft T-4, designed to make the speed, thrice higher than the speed of sound. Various world records for duration, altitude and speed of flight have been set on the planes designed by Sukhoi. He was awarded the Lenin Prize (1968), the USSR State Prizes (1943 and 1975). Sukhoi is Hero of Socialist Labor twice (1957, 1965). He was awarded the Tupolev Gold Medal of the USSR Academy of Sciences for outstanding work in the field of aeronautical science and engineering (1975), three Orders of Lenin (1955, 1966, 1975), other orders and medals. Sukhoi lived and worked in Moscow, there he died. There is a bronze bust erected in his honour in Gomel. Gomel State Technical University was named after him.
Literature:
1. Кузьмина Л. М. Генеральный конструктора Павел Сухой: страницы жизни. Мн.: Беларусь, 1985.
2. Russian Aviation and Air Power in the Twentieth Century. Eds. Higham R.D.S., Greenwood J.T.,Von Hardesty. London: Routledge, 1998. P. 184–185.
© National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2011
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