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Vladimir Kovalyonok
KOVALYONOK Vladimir Vasiliyevich
(born 03/03/1942)
Belarusian cosmonaut, scientist in the field of military sciences, Hero of the Soviet Union twice
Vladimir Kovalyonok was born in the village of Beloye, Krupsk district, Minsk region. In 1963 he graduated from the Balashov Higher Military Aviation School, in 1976 from the Gagarin Air Force Academy, in 1984 from the Voroshilov Academy of the USSR Armed Forces General Staff. In 1993 Kovalyonok became a general-colonel. Since 1967 he was a cosmonaut, took a full course of general cosmonaut training and flight training on the spacecraft “Soyuz” and orbital station “Salyut”. Kovalyonok carried out 3 flights as a commander in the crew of “Soyuz-25”(1977), “Soyuz-29” and orbital station “Salyut-6”(1978), on “Soyuz T-4” and orbital station “Salyut-6”(1981). He spent in space 216.38 days, including 2.3 hours in open space. Since 1984 Kovalyonok worked at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre, in 1988 at the Military Academy of the General Staff, in 1992-2002 he headed the Military Aviation Technical University under the Russian Ministry of Defense.
His works include those on space material science, the study of the surface, atmosphere and ionosphere of the Earth, and the World Ocean from the manned spacecraft. Kovalyonok was the first in the world to obtain monocrystals of semiconductor materials under weightlessness condition. He is an author of more than 150 publications, 7 monographs, including more than 60 scientific publications on the subject of space and military affairs. In 1986 he received his degree in Military Sciences, in 1991 got his professorship. Kovalyonok is an academician of the Russian Academy of Astronautics (1991), the International Academy of Sciences of Nature and Society (2000), the President of the Russian Federation of Astronautics (2001), Hero of the Soviet Union (1978, 1981), Hero of the German Democratic Republic (1978), Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1981), a Soviet cosmonaut (1977). He holds the Tsiolkovsky Gold Medal from the USSR Academy of Sciences and from the International Astronautical Federation (1978), three Orders of Lenin (1977, 1978, 1981), the Order of Krest Grunwald III degree (Poland, 1978), the Order of Karl Marx (GDR, 1978), the Order of Sukhbaatar (Mongolian People's Republic, 1981), the Orders for Service to the Motherland III degree and for the Military Merits(Russia, 1996, 2000), and medals. Kovalyonok is an honorary citizen of Minsk region and Krupsk district. There is a bronze bust erected in his honour in the town of Krupki.
Works:
1. Визуально-инструментальные наблюдения с «Салюта-6». Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1983 (совместно с Лазаревым А.И., Савиных В.П.).
2. Исследование Земли с пилотируемых космических кораблей. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1987 (совместно с Лазаревым А.И., Авакяном С.В.).
3. Родина крылья дала. Мн.: Юнацтва, 1989.
4. Наблюдения полярных сияний из космоса. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1991 (в соавторстве).
5. Орбиты жизни. Космонавт Владимир Коваленок. М.: РТСофт, 2005.
© National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2011
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