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Jozef Bychoviec
BYCHOWIEC Jozef Wladyslaw
(1778 – 05.07.1845)
Philosopher, writer, promoter and the first translator of proceedings of Immanuel Kant
Jozef Wladyslaw Bychowiec was born in the village Khmelnitsa of Slonim district, Grodno region. In 1794 he graduated from Wilno University. From 1796 he studied philosophy at the Universities of Frankfurt an der Oder and Gottingen, in 1799 – 1802 – at the Konigsberg University, where he met the great German philosopher I. Kant. In 1806 – 1809 he served in the French army, in 1810 – 1811 he worked at the Ministry of Justice in Warsaw (Poland). As an adjutant of marshal J. Murat, he was involved in the war of 1812. After 1815 he lived in Wilno, was engaged in research, teaching and literary activities. Follower and popularizer of philosophy of I. Kant, he was the first to translate his works “To Perpetual Peace” (1796), “The idea of universal history in a cosmopolitan perspective” (1799), and “Faculties’ Dispute” (1843) into Polish. He also translated the monumental work of German historian and philosopher J. G. Herder “The ideas to a philosophy of history of mankind” (Vols. 1-3, 1838), collection of travel writings by American writer W. Irving “The book of essays” (Vols. 1-2, 1829), and comments in 5 volumes to the French Civil Code of the year 1804 (The Napoleonic Code), which remain unpublished. He is the author of books “Looking at Russia from the historical, statistical, political, moral, scientific and aesthetic standpoints” (1817), “The advices of good mother” (1820), “The art of desease prevention” (1843). Bychowiec died and was buried in Wilno (now Vilnius, Lithuania).
Works:
1. Slowko o filozofii z powodu majacej sie zaprowadzic Szkoly Glownej w Warszawie. Warszawa, 1816.
2. Rzut oka na Rossya pod wzgledami historycznym, statystycznym, politycznym, moralnym, naukowym i gustu. Warszawa, 1817.
3. Sztuka zapobiegania chorobom: rzecz krotka, ulozona przez lekarzy niemieckich, pomnozona wstepem, wskazaniem przesadow miejscowych wzgledem zachowania zdrowia, pomyslami do hygieny religijnej i obszerniejszym wykladem przepisow hygienicznych. Wilno, 1843.
Literature:
1. Jadacki J. J. Slawni Wilnianie filozofowie. Wilno: Wydawnictwo Polskie w Wilnie, 1994.
2. Byhovec Iosif Vladislav // Enlighteners of the Belarusian land: Encyclopaedia. Міnsk: Belarusian Encyclopaedia, 2001. P. 79–80.
© National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2011
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