|
- - - -
Chapter 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
Chapter 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Basic terms and definitions used in the present Law
In the present Law, the following main terms and their definitions are used:
scientific activities – creative activities aimed at obtaining new knowledge about nature, human, society and the artificially created objects and the use of scientific knowledge to develop new methods for their application;
fundamental scientific research – theoretical and (or) experimental research aimed at obtaining new knowledge about basic laws of development of nature, human, society, the artificially created objects. Fundamental scientific research can be oriented, i.e. aimed at the solution of scientific problems related to practical applications;
applied scientific research – research aimed at the application of the results of fundamental scientific research in order to achieve specific practical goals;
validation of scientific research results – a kind of scientific activities which consists in verifying the results of scientific research in order to determine their suitability for achieving specific goals;
training of scientific personnel of higher qualification – a kind of scientific activities, which includes training measures and scientific research performing in order to acquire the higher qualification by a scientist;
certification of scientific personnel of higher qualification – a kind of scientific activities, which includes holding events to award scientific degrees and assignment of academic ranks;
scientific organization – a legal person carrying out the performance of scientific-research, experimental-design and experimental-technological works, one of the authorities of which in accordance with the constituent documents is Scientific (Scientific and Technical) Council and which passed accreditation of the scientific organization in the accordance with the established procedure;
acсreditation of scientific organization – a form of state recognition of the competence of the legal person in the performance of scientific-research, experimental-design and experimental-technological works;
temporary research team – a voluntary association of individuals without legal entity, created for the implementation of scientific activities in order and on conditions determined by legislation and contract;
Science Foundation – a non-profit organization that funds scientific activities based on open competitions on behalf of the state for special instructions, on its own behalf or on behalf of individuals and (or) legal entities participating in the establishment of the foundation;
grant – funds provided for individuals and (or) legal persons in cash or in kind for the performance of scientific research on the conditions determined by the contract and the acts of legislation.
Article 2. Legal regulation of relations in the sphere of scientific activities
Legal regulation of relations in the sphere of scientific activities is based on the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus and implemented in accordance with present Law and other acts of legislation.
Article 3. Types of scientific activities
The types of research activities include:
performance of fundamental and applied scientific research;
training and certification of scientific personnel of higher qualification;
validation of scientific research results.
Article 4. Basic principles of state regulation of scientific activities
State regulation of scientific activities is based on the following basic principles:
combination of state regulation with the creative initiative of the subjects of scientific activities and freedom of scientific search;
equality of all subjects of scientific activities under the law;
freedom of choice of directions of scientific activities and methods of conducting scientific research for all subjects of scientific activities;
interaction between scientific institutions and institutions providing undergraduate and postgraduate education, training and retraining, including participation of teachers, postgraduates, students and trainees in the scientific activities carried out by scientific organizations, as well as the participation of scientists in the educational process, performed by institutions providing higher and postgraduate education, training and retraining;
provision citizens of the Republic of Belarus with equal opportunities for receiving and improving the acquisition of scientific qualifications;
promotion of scientific activities by creating an enabling environment for investment spheres of scientific activities;
control of the effective use of public funds for fundamental and applied scientific research in accordance with the laws, validation of scientific research results, training and certification of scientific personnel of higher qualification;
commitment, objectivity and competence of state expertise of scientific programs and projects financed from the republican budget;
the legal protection of results of scientific activities;
concentration of scientific resources and funding on the scientific research aimed at implementing the priority directions of socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus;
taking into account the interests of individuals, society and state.
Article 5. State management in the field of scientific activities
Public administration in the field of scientific activities is exercised by the President of the Republic of Belarus, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus, the State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus, the Higher Certification Commission of the Republic of Belarus, the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, other state bodies in accordance with their competence.
Article 5-1. Priority directions of scientific research
The priority directions of scientific research of the Republic of Belarus are determined by the results of the assessment of the state and development of forecasts of scientific and technological development of the republic in order to concentrate public resources on scientific research that are of fundamental importance for the implementation of the priorities of socio-economic development, priority directions of scientific and technical activities, developing new technological processes, science intensive and competitive products.
The priority directions of scientific research are developed by the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, approved by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus and are the basis for the distribution of the republican and local budgets allocated to scientific activities.
Article 5-2. State programs of scientific research
To implement the state scientific and technical policy in priority directions of scientific research state programs of scientific research are being developed.
State programs of scientific research are developed to obtain new knowledge about basic laws of development of nature, human, society, the artificially created objects, to explore the ways of practical application of previously discovered phenomena and processes, to solve specific scientific problems that have direct application to the national economy.
The list of state programs of scientific research, the order of their development, financing and implementation are approved by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.
Article 5-3. State scientific expertise
The competitive selection of tasks of state programs of scientific research and individual projects of fundamental and applied scientific research, financed from the republican budget, is carried out on the basis of the results of the state scientific expertise.
The order of organizing and conducting the state scientific expertise is determined by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.
The composition of expert councils (commissions) established to carry out the state scientific expertise, is approved jointly by the National Academy of Science of Belarus and the State Committee of Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus.
Article 6. Financing of scientific activities
In order to ensure the appropriate legal guarantees and the material conditions of development of science, government funding of scientific activities is annually carried out from the republican budget.
The financing of scientific activities is also carried out at the expense of local budgets, science foundations, organizations, other sources not prohibited by legislation.
See also: Chapter 2 SUBJECTS AND PARTICIPANTS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES
Chapter 3 QUALIFICATION AND LABOUR REMUNERATION OF A SCIENTIST
Chapter 4 RESULTS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES
© National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2011
|
|
